Economics of Climate Change released in 2007 insists

there is overwhelming evidence that globular melting is echtly occurring and is no longer just an academic concern. The Stern Re cypher the Economics of mode Change released in 2007 insists that there is still time to firebrand an mend and change the do of globose warming. Failure to do so would resultant role in climate change (that) will affect the basic elements of demeanor for people around the world access to water, food proceeds, health, and the environment. Hundreds of millions of people could let hunger, water shortages and costal floodings as the world warms (The Stern Review).Fossil sacks argon the number one contri preciselyor to carbon dioxide emissions in the united States alone. The purpose of fossil fuels for transportation contributes to a host of environmental problems, from urban ozone to globular warming. Carbon dioxide makes up ab kayoed 85 sh atomic number 18 of the United States agree anthropogenic emissions of greenho usage gases that lead t o global warming. Methane, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, atomic number 7 oxide, halocarbons, per fluorocarbons, and other gases make up the remaining 15 percent. More than 98 percent of U. S. carbon dioxide emissions argon caused by the combustion of fossil fuels for nil spending (Rubin, 1998).There atomic number 18 many preferences push sources that could slow the process of global warming. Alternative brawniness is nothing that is renewable or is not pestiferous the environment, such(prenominal) as wind, water, or geothermal antecedented postal code. Reviewing several sources of woof muscularity including alternative fuel for vehicles, solar verve, and geothermal energy and evaluating their restore on the public and viewing public opinion of alternative energy will help us confuse a better intelligence of the opinion of alternative energy and how we can benefit from utilize it.The forcefulnesss of global warming are being felt worldwide. Global warming a nd the melting of polar ice cover is predicted to raise ocean levels worldwide, straightaway impacting on island nations who plead most strongly for restraint of fossil fuel consumption by industrialized nations (Mayer). Some alternative fuel methods shake off been tried and found to be very successful. Another strategy for cut back fossil fuel emissions from vehicles is to shift to alternate fuel vehicles. Various choices take electric, natural gas, methane, and fuel cell vehicles (Mayer).In the United States there are almost environment bothy aware states bring on started to support energy efficient vehicles. The federal government has provided some limited support for the development of alternate fueled vehicles, while California has mandated that companies selling vehicles there market a certain percentage of zero emission vehicles, or ZEVs(Mayer). solar energy is an alternative energy method that has been in practice for many years. On June 20, 1979, chairwoman Jimmy Carter dedicated the solar hot water heating dodging newly installed in the West Wing of the White House(Laird, 2001, p.1). Solar energy is obtained by dint of solar panels that take the clear(p) from the sun and transpose into energy, such as electricity. Solar power has proven to be a great source of energy and many people in the United States and Europe are switching to solar power, twain for moral reasons and notes incentives from governments. In the United States, the citizens of California are taking it upon themselves to cloak in alternative sources of energy. They have concentrated their investments in solar power but have also experimented with wind, water, and geothermal power.Californians find solar power beneficial not only because of its insurance against blackouts and skyrocketing electricity fees but also because it resurrects no taint. As the government gives consumers cash incentives, such as revenue enhancement breaks when they use these alternative sour ces of energy, local power companies are able to use alternative sources for energy production (Woloski, 2006). Solar energy is a cost utile and product way to utilize natural energy. Geothermal energy is the energy that is held within the core of the earth. Geothermal energy is released naturally in geysers and volcanoes ( nil, Sources Of, 2004).Geothermal energy is an effect way to heat homes or line of credites because Even where there are not naturally occurring geothermal aquifers, heat can be usefully extracted from the ground (Derektaylor, 2000, p. 57). In California, some of the states electricity is generated by the geothermal correct complex k instantlyn as the Geysers, which has been in production since 1960, and in Iceland, which is geologically very active, roughly 70% of the homes are heated by geothermal energy(Energy, Sources Of, 2004). Although using alternative energy is a great concept and thought process there are some negative consequences to using alternati ve energy.Alternative energy is a good deal difficult to obtain and very dear(p) to begin (Woloski, 2006). For the change to occur governments and citizens will have kickoff have to invest a great deal of money in the initial delineate up of alternative energy. This can be very costly both for the people and the government. Why are so fewer environmentally conscious customers signing up, despite the positive outlook? New research suggests that consumers only if do not trust their utilities green credentials(Bloemers, Magnomi & Peters, 2001, p. 15).People are queasy trying new things such as alternative energy, especially if it is costly in comparative to other available energy sources. There are also harmful effects on the environment by using some types of alternative energy. For example geothermal energy sources have borderline environmental impacts that while limited, include air pollution and noise. Photovoltaic solar energy systems exhibit limited negative environmental impacts because they necessitate formulate of photovoltaic cells, use of large land areas, and a negative artistic impact(Ferrey, 2003).And then of course Biomass energy facilities, depending on the fuel source, drive a variety of criteria air pollutants resulting from the combustion of organic sensibles(Ferrey, 2003). The energy consumption of the people of the United States is of great concern to the worlds environmental health. The United States Congress is well aware of their countries contributions to global warming. In 2002 the Senate passed rule that would raise average fuel efficiency standards to 36 mpg by 2015, a standard that would classify minivans and SUVs as passenger vehicles rather than light trucks (Mayer).In slight than ten years the classification will have an effect on the people on the United States. This amount of time is pivotal when we consider the state of ozone layer and the steady increase of global warming. neat aware of the staggering usage of g asoline may help acquit some Americans to switch to alternative methods of transportation with the creation of the KYOTO treaty the apprehend was the all nations of the world could work together and make the right choice and consciously choose to support the health of the environment, the very source that sustains us.To make changes we gather up to specifically explore the complex interactions and mutual influences of philosophy, evolutionary biology, moralityconceptual enterprises alland our primary interactions and encounters with humans and nature in day-to-day life(Donnelley). By switching to hybrid vehicles or alternative energy vehicles, making sure all vehicles on the road pass emissions tests, and transgress driving oversized vehicles that take much fossil fuel and because more(prenominal) emissions to be released Americans can contribute to slowing global warming There are people all over the world who have taken measures to switch to alternative energy.Green energ y would seem to have a rosy emerging. Technological advances have helped to lower the cost of renewable power sources such as wind turbine generators, solar cells, small hydroelectric plants, and geothermal energy(Bloemers, Magnomi & Peters, 2001, p. 15). Growing trends of alternative energy are popping up all over the world. In response to these suggestive trends, European utilities such as Eastern Group and actorgen, in the United Kingdom, and RWE and EON, in Germany, now offer green energy to distributors or direct to interested consumers.Typically, the profit commits itself to produce with, or to buy from, renewable sources all of the energy that it sells through green contracts. Customers thus know that they are paying for green production even if they are not directly connected to the source. Price premiums, often depending on the source, range from 2 percent to more than 30 percent above the utilities normal tariffs. Yet in the United Kingdom and Germany, for example, less than 1 percent of electricity customers have chosen the green option.(Bloemers, Magnomi & Peters, 2001, p. 15) In the United States Consumers in several states have the option of selecting their choice of generation companies. Although the contract path of electricity does not remotely match the actual electron path from generators to consumers, it is possible to select alternate generation technologies such as biomass, solar, or wind. (Allenby & Unger, 2001, p. 22) In California, the Sacramento Municipal Utility territorial dominion runs a solar power program and has enjoyed exceptional touristedity.This program equips the roofs of houses with solar cells that essentially turn these homes into mini power-plants by converting sunlight into electricity. The system does have several disadvantages, such as the high expenses of building a solar power station and the unreliable nature of sunlight (Woloski, 2006). Some theorize that American conservatives tend not to take global warmi ng in earnest and fail to see why those who do find the U. S. unwillingness to tax energy infuriating. This perhaps more than any other act cemented in the mind of many Europeans the image of George Bush as a self-seeking unilateralist (Fukuyama 143).Although the environment has not been a factor regularly addressed by the Bush administration there are huge American corporations, such as Boeing, IBM, John Hancock and Whirlpool (who) have publicly endorsed the legal opinion that climate change is real by joining a occupation council organized by the Pew Center on Global mode Change(Lynch). The Pew Center is an international organization that brings together business leaders, scientists, policy makers and other experts to address controversial issues (Working together because).The idea behind this thinking can in fact be construed as a financial investment. A clear sign that climate concerns have moved into the financial mainstream is the evolution activism of institutional sha reholders. Over the past few years, investors have become increasingly worried about insufficient revealing about the risks companies face from global warming. Under existing regulations, publicly traded companies are required to disclose to investors any information that could have a material impact on their financial results.There are no additional requirements politics climate-change issues. A changing climate threatens companies throughout the economy with costs from future regulations, the physical effects of a changing landscape, even the danger of considerable lawsuits(Lynch). Although the reasons for supporting the fight against global warming by American corporations are may be financially based, these corporations are large enough that conjointly they can make a huge impact and ideally little companies will follow in their footsteps.Using alternative energy is a growing trend, however, alternative sources of energy are more expensive than traditional energy production after all, traditional energy production is so popular because such methods currently allow the least amount of fuel to produce the most energy at the cheapest prices. It is for this reason that the industry of alternative energy sources has not yet boomed (Woloski, 2006). With the state of global warming increasing at a danger rate all people should make an enterprise to use less fossil fuel and clear less pollution by switching to alternative energy sources.Many people have the view that one person can not make a difference, this is not true. a fine balance needs to be found among human beings and nature. Humans and nature problems press in upon us from all sides. We are all becomingor should be becomingmore cognizant of global warming ecologically unsustainable cities and agricultural practices the overuse of antibiotics in our health care systems and on our factory farms the global crash of ocean fisheries a human population and use of natural resources that is squeezing out other forms of life the pollution and degradation of our air, soil, and water (Donnelley).Now all of these points need to be taken into consideration and changed as a whole, but the first step is for all people of the world, to accept their responsibility to the environment and create a process that will improve the way they effect global warming, even if it begins with only one small change. References Allenby, B. , & Unger, D. (2001). Information Technology Impacts on the U. S. Energy Demand Profile. In E-Vision 2000 Key Issues That Will Shape Our Energy Future Analyses and Papers Prepared for the E-Vision 2000 Conference (pp. 7-27). Santa Monica, CA Rand. 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